source: Tutorials/CWCombined/Combined refinement.htm @ 4633

Last change on this file since 4633 was 4457, checked in by toby, 3 years ago

add data link to tutorials
  • Property svn:mime-type set to text/html
File size: 151.2 KB
Line 
1<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml"
2xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
3xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word"
4xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml"
5xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
6
7<head>
8<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
9<meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document>
10<meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 15">
11<meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 15">
12<link rel=File-List href="Combined%20refinement_files/filelist.xml">
13<link rel=Edit-Time-Data href="Combined%20refinement_files/editdata.mso">
14<!--[if !mso]>
15<style>
16v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
17o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
18w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
19.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);}
20</style>
21<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
22 <o:DocumentProperties>
23  <o:Author>Von Dreele</o:Author>
24  <o:LastAuthor>vondreele</o:LastAuthor>
25  <o:Revision>12</o:Revision>
26  <o:TotalTime>1732</o:TotalTime>
27  <o:Created>2012-05-10T13:32:00Z</o:Created>
28  <o:LastSaved>2017-09-06T19:38:00Z</o:LastSaved>
29  <o:Pages>15</o:Pages>
30  <o:Words>2559</o:Words>
31  <o:Characters>14591</o:Characters>
32  <o:Company>Argonne National Laboratory</o:Company>
33  <o:Lines>121</o:Lines>
34  <o:Paragraphs>34</o:Paragraphs>
35  <o:CharactersWithSpaces>17116</o:CharactersWithSpaces>
36  <o:Version>16.00</o:Version>
37 </o:DocumentProperties>
38 <o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
39  <o:AllowPNG/>
40 </o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
41</xml><![endif]-->
42<link rel=themeData href="Combined%20refinement_files/themedata.thmx">
43<link rel=colorSchemeMapping
44href="Combined%20refinement_files/colorschememapping.xml">
45<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
46 <w:WordDocument>
47  <w:View>Print</w:View>
48  <w:Zoom>124</w:Zoom>
49  <w:SpellingState>Clean</w:SpellingState>
50  <w:GrammarState>Clean</w:GrammarState>
51  <w:TrackMoves>false</w:TrackMoves>
52  <w:TrackFormatting/>
53  <w:PunctuationKerning/>
54  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
55  <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
56  <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
57  <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
58  <w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
59  <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
60  <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
61  <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
62  <w:Compatibility>
63   <w:BreakWrappedTables/>
64   <w:SnapToGridInCell/>
65   <w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
66   <w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
67   <w:DontGrowAutofit/>
68   <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
69   <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
70   <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
71   <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
72  </w:Compatibility>
73  <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
74  <m:mathPr>
75   <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
76   <m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
77   <m:brkBinSub m:val="&#45;-"/>
78   <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
79   <m:dispDef/>
80   <m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
81   <m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
82   <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
83   <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
84   <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
85   <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
86  </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
87</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
88 <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false"
89  DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
90  LatentStyleCount="371">
91  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
92  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
93  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
94   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
95  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
96   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
97  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
98   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
99  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
100   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
101  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
102   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
103  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
104   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
105  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
106   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
107  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"
108   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
109  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
110   Name="index 1"/>
111  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
112   Name="index 2"/>
113  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
114   Name="index 3"/>
115  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
116   Name="index 4"/>
117  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
118   Name="index 5"/>
119  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
120   Name="index 6"/>
121  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
122   Name="index 7"/>
123  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
124   Name="index 8"/>
125  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
126   Name="index 9"/>
127  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
128   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 1"/>
129  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
130   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 2"/>
131  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
132   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 3"/>
133  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
134   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 4"/>
135  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
136   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 5"/>
137  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
138   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 6"/>
139  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
140   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 7"/>
141  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
142   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 8"/>
143  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
144   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="toc 9"/>
145  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
146   Name="Normal Indent"/>
147  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
148   Name="footnote text"/>
149  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
150   Name="annotation text"/>
151  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
152   Name="header"/>
153  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
154   Name="footer"/>
155  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
156   Name="index heading"/>
157  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
158   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
159  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
160   Name="table of figures"/>
161  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
162   Name="envelope address"/>
163  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
164   Name="envelope return"/>
165  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
166   Name="footnote reference"/>
167  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
168   Name="annotation reference"/>
169  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
170   Name="line number"/>
171  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
172   Name="page number"/>
173  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
174   Name="endnote reference"/>
175  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
176   Name="endnote text"/>
177  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
178   Name="table of authorities"/>
179  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
180   Name="macro"/>
181  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
182   Name="toa heading"/>
183  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
184   Name="List"/>
185  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
186   Name="List Bullet"/>
187  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
188   Name="List Number"/>
189  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
190   Name="List 2"/>
191  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
192   Name="List 3"/>
193  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
194   Name="List 4"/>
195  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
196   Name="List 5"/>
197  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
198   Name="List Bullet 2"/>
199  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
200   Name="List Bullet 3"/>
201  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
202   Name="List Bullet 4"/>
203  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
204   Name="List Bullet 5"/>
205  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
206   Name="List Number 2"/>
207  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
208   Name="List Number 3"/>
209  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
210   Name="List Number 4"/>
211  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
212   Name="List Number 5"/>
213  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
214  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
215   Name="Closing"/>
216  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
217   Name="Signature"/>
218  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
219   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
220  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
221   Name="Body Text"/>
222  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
223   Name="Body Text Indent"/>
224  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
225   Name="List Continue"/>
226  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
227   Name="List Continue 2"/>
228  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
229   Name="List Continue 3"/>
230  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
231   Name="List Continue 4"/>
232  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
233   Name="List Continue 5"/>
234  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
235   Name="Message Header"/>
236  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
237  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
238   Name="Salutation"/>
239  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
240   Name="Date"/>
241  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
242   Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
243  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
244   Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
245  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
246   Name="Note Heading"/>
247  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
248   Name="Body Text 2"/>
249  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
250   Name="Body Text 3"/>
251  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
252   Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
253  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
254   Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
255  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
256   Name="Block Text"/>
257  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
258   Name="Hyperlink"/>
259  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
260   Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
261  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
262  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
263  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
264   Name="Document Map"/>
265  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
266   Name="Plain Text"/>
267  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
268   Name="E-mail Signature"/>
269  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
270   Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
271  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
272   Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
273  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
274   Name="Normal (Web)"/>
275  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
276   Name="HTML Acronym"/>
277  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
278   Name="HTML Address"/>
279  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
280   Name="HTML Cite"/>
281  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
282   Name="HTML Code"/>
283  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
284   Name="HTML Definition"/>
285  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
286   Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
287  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
288   Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
289  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
290   Name="HTML Sample"/>
291  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
292   Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
293  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
294   Name="HTML Variable"/>
295  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
296   Name="Normal Table"/>
297  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
298   Name="annotation subject"/>
299  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
300   Name="No List"/>
301  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
302   Name="Outline List 1"/>
303  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
304   Name="Outline List 2"/>
305  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
306   Name="Outline List 3"/>
307  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
308   Name="Table Simple 1"/>
309  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
310   Name="Table Simple 2"/>
311  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
312   Name="Table Simple 3"/>
313  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
314   Name="Table Classic 1"/>
315  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
316   Name="Table Classic 2"/>
317  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
318   Name="Table Classic 3"/>
319  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
320   Name="Table Classic 4"/>
321  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
322   Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
323  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
324   Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
325  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
326   Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
327  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
328   Name="Table Columns 1"/>
329  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
330   Name="Table Columns 2"/>
331  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
332   Name="Table Columns 3"/>
333  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
334   Name="Table Columns 4"/>
335  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
336   Name="Table Columns 5"/>
337  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
338   Name="Table Grid 1"/>
339  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
340   Name="Table Grid 2"/>
341  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
342   Name="Table Grid 3"/>
343  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
344   Name="Table Grid 4"/>
345  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
346   Name="Table Grid 5"/>
347  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
348   Name="Table Grid 6"/>
349  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
350   Name="Table Grid 7"/>
351  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
352   Name="Table Grid 8"/>
353  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
354   Name="Table List 1"/>
355  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
356   Name="Table List 2"/>
357  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
358   Name="Table List 3"/>
359  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
360   Name="Table List 4"/>
361  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
362   Name="Table List 5"/>
363  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
364   Name="Table List 6"/>
365  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
366   Name="Table List 7"/>
367  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
368   Name="Table List 8"/>
369  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
370   Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
371  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
372   Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
373  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
374   Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
375  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
376   Name="Table Contemporary"/>
377  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
378   Name="Table Elegant"/>
379  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
380   Name="Table Professional"/>
381  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
382   Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
383  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
384   Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
385  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
386   Name="Table Web 1"/>
387  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
388   Name="Table Web 2"/>
389  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
390   Name="Table Web 3"/>
391  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
392   Name="Balloon Text"/>
393  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" Name="Table Grid"/>
394  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
395   Name="Table Theme"/>
396  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
397  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
398  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
399  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
400  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
401  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
402  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
403  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
404  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
405  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
406  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
407  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
408  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
409  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
410  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
411  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
412  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
413  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
414  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
415  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
416  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
417  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
418  <w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
419  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
420   Name="List Paragraph"/>
421  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
422  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
423   Name="Intense Quote"/>
424  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
425  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
426  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
427  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
428  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
429  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
430  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
431  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
432  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
433  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
434  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
435  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
436  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
437  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
438  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
439  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
440  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
441  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
442  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
443  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
444  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
445  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
446  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
447  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
448  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
449  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
450  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
451  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
452  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
453  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
454  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
455  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
456  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
457  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
458  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
459  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
460  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
461  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
462  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
463  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
464  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
465  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
466  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
467  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
468  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
469  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
470  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
471  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
472  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
473  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
474  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
475  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
476  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
477  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
478  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
479  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
480  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
481  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
482  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
483  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
484  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
485  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
486  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
487  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
488  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
489  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
490  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
491  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
492  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
493  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
494  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
495  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
496  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
497  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
498  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
499  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
500  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
501  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
502  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
503   Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
504  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
505   Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
506  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
507   Name="Subtle Reference"/>
508  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
509   Name="Intense Reference"/>
510  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
511  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
512   UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
513  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
514   UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
515  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
516  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
517  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
518  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
519  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
520  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
521  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
522  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
523  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
524  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
525  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
526  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
527  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
528  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
529   Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
530  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
531  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
532  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
533  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
534  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
535   Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
536  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
537   Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
538  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
539   Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
540  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
541  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
542  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
543  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
544  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
545   Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
546  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
547   Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
548  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
549   Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
550  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
551  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
552  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
553  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
554  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
555   Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
556  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
557   Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
558  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
559   Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
560  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
561  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
562  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
563  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
564  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
565   Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
566  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
567   Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
568  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
569   Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
570  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
571  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
572  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
573  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
574  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
575   Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
576  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
577   Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
578  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
579   Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
580  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
581  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
582  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
583  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
584  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
585   Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
586  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
587   Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
588  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
589  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
590  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
591  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
592  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
593  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
594  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
595  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
596   Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
597  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
598  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
599  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
600  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
601  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
602   Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
603  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
604   Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
605  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
606   Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
607  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
608  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
609  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
610  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
611  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
612   Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
613  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
614   Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
615  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
616   Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
617  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
618  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
619  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
620  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
621  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
622   Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
623  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
624   Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
625  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
626   Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
627  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 4"/>
628  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 4"/>
629  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 4"/>
630  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
631  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
632   Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
633  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
634   Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
635  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
636   Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
637  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 5"/>
638  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 5"/>
639  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 5"/>
640  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
641  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
642   Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
643  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
644   Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
645  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
646   Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
647  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 6"/>
648  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 6"/>
649  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 6"/>
650  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
651  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
652   Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
653  <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
654   Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
655 </w:LatentStyles>
656</xml><![endif]-->
657<style>
658<!--
659 /* Font Definitions */
660 @font-face
661        {font-family:"Cambria Math";
662        panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;
663        mso-font-charset:0;
664        mso-generic-font-family:roman;
665        mso-font-pitch:variable;
666        mso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}
667@font-face
668        {font-family:Calibri;
669        panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;
670        mso-font-charset:0;
671        mso-generic-font-family:swiss;
672        mso-font-pitch:variable;
673        mso-font-signature:-536859905 -1073732485 9 0 511 0;}
674@font-face
675        {font-family:Tahoma;
676        panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;
677        mso-font-charset:0;
678        mso-generic-font-family:swiss;
679        mso-font-pitch:variable;
680        mso-font-signature:-520081665 -1073717157 41 0 66047 0;}
681 /* Style Definitions */
682 p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
683        {mso-style-unhide:no;
684        mso-style-qformat:yes;
685        mso-style-parent:"";
686        margin:0in;
687        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
688        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
689        font-size:12.0pt;
690        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
691        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
692        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
693h1
694        {mso-style-priority:9;
695        mso-style-unhide:no;
696        mso-style-qformat:yes;
697        mso-style-link:"Heading 1 Char";
698        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
699        margin-right:0in;
700        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
701        margin-left:0in;
702        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
703        mso-outline-level:1;
704        font-size:24.0pt;
705        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
706        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
707        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
708        font-weight:bold;}
709h2
710        {mso-style-priority:9;
711        mso-style-qformat:yes;
712        mso-style-link:"Heading 2 Char";
713        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
714        margin-right:0in;
715        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
716        margin-left:0in;
717        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
718        mso-outline-level:2;
719        font-size:18.0pt;
720        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
721        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
722        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
723        font-weight:bold;}
724h3
725        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
726        mso-style-priority:9;
727        mso-style-qformat:yes;
728        mso-style-link:"Heading 3 Char";
729        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
730        margin-right:0in;
731        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
732        margin-left:0in;
733        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
734        mso-outline-level:3;
735        font-size:13.5pt;
736        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
737        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
738        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
739        font-weight:bold;}
740h4
741        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
742        mso-style-priority:9;
743        mso-style-qformat:yes;
744        mso-style-link:"Heading 4 Char";
745        mso-style-next:Normal;
746        margin-top:10.0pt;
747        margin-right:0in;
748        margin-bottom:0in;
749        margin-left:0in;
750        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
751        mso-pagination:widow-orphan lines-together;
752        page-break-after:avoid;
753        mso-outline-level:4;
754        font-size:13.0pt;
755        font-family:"Cambria",serif;
756        mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
757        mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
758        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
759        mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
760        mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
761        mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
762        mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
763        mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
764        color:#4F81BD;
765        mso-themecolor:accent1;
766        font-weight:bold;
767        font-style:italic;}
768h5
769        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
770        mso-style-priority:9;
771        mso-style-qformat:yes;
772        mso-style-link:"Heading 5 Char";
773        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
774        margin-right:0in;
775        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
776        margin-left:0in;
777        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
778        mso-outline-level:5;
779        font-size:12.0pt;
780        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
781        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
782        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
783        color:#4F4FFF;
784        font-weight:bold;}
785a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
786        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
787        mso-style-priority:99;
788        color:blue;
789        text-decoration:underline;
790        text-underline:single;}
791a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
792        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
793        mso-style-priority:99;
794        color:purple;
795        text-decoration:underline;
796        text-underline:single;}
797p.MsoDocumentMap, li.MsoDocumentMap, div.MsoDocumentMap
798        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
799        mso-style-priority:99;
800        mso-style-link:"Document Map Char";
801        margin:0in;
802        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
803        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
804        font-size:8.0pt;
805        font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;
806        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
807        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
808p
809        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
810        mso-style-priority:99;
811        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
812        margin-right:0in;
813        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
814        margin-left:0in;
815        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
816        font-size:12.0pt;
817        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
818        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
819        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
820pre
821        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
822        mso-style-priority:99;
823        mso-style-link:"HTML Preformatted Char";
824        margin:0in;
825        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
826        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
827        tab-stops:45.8pt 91.6pt 137.4pt 183.2pt 229.0pt 274.8pt 320.6pt 366.4pt 412.2pt 458.0pt 503.8pt 549.6pt 595.4pt 641.2pt 687.0pt 732.8pt;
828        font-size:10.0pt;
829        font-family:"Courier New";
830        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";}
831p.MsoAcetate, li.MsoAcetate, div.MsoAcetate
832        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
833        mso-style-priority:99;
834        mso-style-link:"Balloon Text Char";
835        margin:0in;
836        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
837        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
838        font-size:8.0pt;
839        font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;
840        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
841        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
842span.MsoPlaceholderText
843        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
844        mso-style-priority:99;
845        mso-style-unhide:no;
846        color:gray;}
847p.MsoNoSpacing, li.MsoNoSpacing, div.MsoNoSpacing
848        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
849        mso-style-priority:1;
850        mso-style-unhide:no;
851        mso-style-qformat:yes;
852        mso-style-parent:"";
853        margin:0in;
854        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
855        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
856        font-size:12.0pt;
857        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
858        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
859        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
860p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph
861        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
862        mso-style-priority:34;
863        mso-style-unhide:no;
864        mso-style-qformat:yes;
865        margin-top:0in;
866        margin-right:0in;
867        margin-bottom:0in;
868        margin-left:.5in;
869        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
870        mso-add-space:auto;
871        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
872        font-size:12.0pt;
873        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
874        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
875        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
876p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst
877        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
878        mso-style-priority:34;
879        mso-style-unhide:no;
880        mso-style-qformat:yes;
881        mso-style-type:export-only;
882        margin-top:0in;
883        margin-right:0in;
884        margin-bottom:0in;
885        margin-left:.5in;
886        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
887        mso-add-space:auto;
888        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
889        font-size:12.0pt;
890        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
891        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
892        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
893p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle
894        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
895        mso-style-priority:34;
896        mso-style-unhide:no;
897        mso-style-qformat:yes;
898        mso-style-type:export-only;
899        margin-top:0in;
900        margin-right:0in;
901        margin-bottom:0in;
902        margin-left:.5in;
903        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
904        mso-add-space:auto;
905        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
906        font-size:12.0pt;
907        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
908        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
909        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
910p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast
911        {mso-style-noshow:yes;
912        mso-style-priority:34;
913        mso-style-unhide:no;
914        mso-style-qformat:yes;
915        mso-style-type:export-only;
916        margin-top:0in;
917        margin-right:0in;
918        margin-bottom:0in;
919        margin-left:.5in;
920        margin-bottom:.0001pt;
921        mso-add-space:auto;
922        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
923        font-size:12.0pt;
924        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
925        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
926        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
927span.MsoIntenseReference
928        {mso-style-priority:32;
929        mso-style-unhide:no;
930        mso-style-qformat:yes;
931        font-variant:small-caps;
932        color:#C0504D;
933        mso-themecolor:accent2;
934        letter-spacing:.25pt;
935        font-weight:bold;
936        text-decoration:underline;
937        text-underline:single;}
938span.Heading1Char
939        {mso-style-name:"Heading 1 Char";
940        mso-style-priority:9;
941        mso-style-unhide:no;
942        mso-style-locked:yes;
943        mso-style-link:"Heading 1";
944        mso-ansi-font-size:24.0pt;
945        mso-bidi-font-size:24.0pt;
946        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
947        mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
948        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
949        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
950        mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
951        mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
952        mso-font-kerning:18.0pt;
953        font-weight:bold;}
954span.Heading2Char
955        {mso-style-name:"Heading 2 Char";
956        mso-style-priority:9;
957        mso-style-unhide:no;
958        mso-style-locked:yes;
959        mso-style-link:"Heading 2";
960        mso-ansi-font-size:18.0pt;
961        mso-bidi-font-size:18.0pt;
962        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
963        mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
964        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
965        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
966        mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
967        mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
968        font-weight:bold;}
969span.Heading3Char
970        {mso-style-name:"Heading 3 Char";
971        mso-style-noshow:yes;
972        mso-style-priority:9;
973        mso-style-unhide:no;
974        mso-style-locked:yes;
975        mso-style-link:"Heading 3";
976        mso-ansi-font-size:13.5pt;
977        mso-bidi-font-size:13.5pt;
978        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
979        mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
980        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
981        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
982        mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
983        mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
984        font-weight:bold;}
985span.Heading4Char
986        {mso-style-name:"Heading 4 Char";
987        mso-style-noshow:yes;
988        mso-style-priority:9;
989        mso-style-unhide:no;
990        mso-style-locked:yes;
991        mso-style-link:"Heading 4";
992        mso-ansi-font-size:13.0pt;
993        mso-bidi-font-size:13.0pt;
994        font-family:"Cambria",serif;
995        mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
996        mso-ascii-theme-font:major-latin;
997        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
998        mso-fareast-theme-font:major-fareast;
999        mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
1000        mso-hansi-theme-font:major-latin;
1001        mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1002        mso-bidi-theme-font:major-bidi;
1003        color:#4F81BD;
1004        mso-themecolor:accent1;
1005        font-weight:bold;
1006        font-style:italic;}
1007span.Heading5Char
1008        {mso-style-name:"Heading 5 Char";
1009        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1010        mso-style-priority:9;
1011        mso-style-unhide:no;
1012        mso-style-locked:yes;
1013        mso-style-link:"Heading 5";
1014        mso-ansi-font-size:12.0pt;
1015        mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;
1016        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
1017        mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1018        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1019        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
1020        mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1021        mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1022        color:#4F4FFF;
1023        font-weight:bold;}
1024span.HTMLPreformattedChar
1025        {mso-style-name:"HTML Preformatted Char";
1026        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1027        mso-style-priority:99;
1028        mso-style-unhide:no;
1029        mso-style-locked:yes;
1030        mso-style-link:"HTML Preformatted";
1031        mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
1032        mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
1033        font-family:"Courier New";
1034        mso-ascii-font-family:"Courier New";
1035        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1036        mso-hansi-font-family:"Courier New";
1037        mso-bidi-font-family:"Courier New";}
1038p.msonormal0, li.msonormal0, div.msonormal0
1039        {mso-style-name:msonormal;
1040        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1041        mso-style-priority:99;
1042        mso-style-unhide:no;
1043        mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
1044        margin-right:0in;
1045        mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;
1046        margin-left:0in;
1047        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
1048        font-size:12.0pt;
1049        font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;
1050        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1051        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;}
1052span.DocumentMapChar
1053        {mso-style-name:"Document Map Char";
1054        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1055        mso-style-priority:99;
1056        mso-style-unhide:no;
1057        mso-style-locked:yes;
1058        mso-style-link:"Document Map";
1059        mso-ansi-font-size:8.0pt;
1060        mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt;
1061        font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;
1062        mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
1063        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1064        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
1065        mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
1066        mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;}
1067span.BalloonTextChar
1068        {mso-style-name:"Balloon Text Char";
1069        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1070        mso-style-priority:99;
1071        mso-style-unhide:no;
1072        mso-style-locked:yes;
1073        mso-style-link:"Balloon Text";
1074        mso-ansi-font-size:8.0pt;
1075        mso-bidi-font-size:8.0pt;
1076        font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif;
1077        mso-ascii-font-family:Tahoma;
1078        mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1079        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;
1080        mso-hansi-font-family:Tahoma;
1081        mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;}
1082span.SpellE
1083        {mso-style-name:"";
1084        mso-spl-e:yes;}
1085span.GramE
1086        {mso-style-name:"";
1087        mso-gram-e:yes;}
1088.MsoChpDefault
1089        {mso-style-type:export-only;
1090        mso-default-props:yes;
1091        font-size:10.0pt;
1092        mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt;
1093        mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt;
1094        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1095        mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
1096        mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1097        mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;
1098        mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;
1099        mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
1100        mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
1101        mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1102        mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
1103@page WordSection1
1104        {size:8.5in 11.0in;
1105        margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;
1106        mso-header-margin:.5in;
1107        mso-footer-margin:.5in;
1108        mso-paper-source:0;}
1109div.WordSection1
1110        {page:WordSection1;}
1111 /* List Definitions */
1112 @list l0
1113        {mso-list-id:48263107;
1114        mso-list-type:hybrid;
1115        mso-list-template-ids:454311350 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715;}
1116@list l0:level1
1117        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1118        mso-level-number-position:left;
1119        text-indent:-.25in;}
1120@list l0:level2
1121        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1122        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1123        mso-level-number-position:left;
1124        text-indent:-.25in;}
1125@list l0:level3
1126        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1127        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1128        mso-level-number-position:right;
1129        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1130@list l0:level4
1131        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1132        mso-level-number-position:left;
1133        text-indent:-.25in;}
1134@list l0:level5
1135        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1136        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1137        mso-level-number-position:left;
1138        text-indent:-.25in;}
1139@list l0:level6
1140        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1141        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1142        mso-level-number-position:right;
1143        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1144@list l0:level7
1145        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1146        mso-level-number-position:left;
1147        text-indent:-.25in;}
1148@list l0:level8
1149        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1150        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1151        mso-level-number-position:left;
1152        text-indent:-.25in;}
1153@list l0:level9
1154        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1155        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1156        mso-level-number-position:right;
1157        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1158@list l1
1159        {mso-list-id:443815929;
1160        mso-list-type:hybrid;
1161        mso-list-template-ids:-766208474 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715;}
1162@list l1:level1
1163        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1164        mso-level-number-position:left;
1165        text-indent:-.25in;}
1166@list l1:level2
1167        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1168        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1169        mso-level-number-position:left;
1170        text-indent:-.25in;}
1171@list l1:level3
1172        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1173        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1174        mso-level-number-position:right;
1175        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1176@list l1:level4
1177        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1178        mso-level-number-position:left;
1179        text-indent:-.25in;}
1180@list l1:level5
1181        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1182        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1183        mso-level-number-position:left;
1184        text-indent:-.25in;}
1185@list l1:level6
1186        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1187        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1188        mso-level-number-position:right;
1189        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1190@list l1:level7
1191        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1192        mso-level-number-position:left;
1193        text-indent:-.25in;}
1194@list l1:level8
1195        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1196        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1197        mso-level-number-position:left;
1198        text-indent:-.25in;}
1199@list l1:level9
1200        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1201        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1202        mso-level-number-position:right;
1203        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1204@list l2
1205        {mso-list-id:608973138;
1206        mso-list-type:hybrid;
1207        mso-list-template-ids:-1449999034 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715 67698703 67698713 67698715;}
1208@list l2:level1
1209        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1210        mso-level-number-position:left;
1211        text-indent:-.25in;}
1212@list l2:level2
1213        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1214        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1215        mso-level-number-position:left;
1216        text-indent:-.25in;}
1217@list l2:level3
1218        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1219        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1220        mso-level-number-position:right;
1221        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1222@list l2:level4
1223        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1224        mso-level-number-position:left;
1225        text-indent:-.25in;}
1226@list l2:level5
1227        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1228        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1229        mso-level-number-position:left;
1230        text-indent:-.25in;}
1231@list l2:level6
1232        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1233        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1234        mso-level-number-position:right;
1235        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1236@list l2:level7
1237        {mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1238        mso-level-number-position:left;
1239        text-indent:-.25in;}
1240@list l2:level8
1241        {mso-level-number-format:alpha-lower;
1242        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1243        mso-level-number-position:left;
1244        text-indent:-.25in;}
1245@list l2:level9
1246        {mso-level-number-format:roman-lower;
1247        mso-level-tab-stop:none;
1248        mso-level-number-position:right;
1249        text-indent:-9.0pt;}
1250ol
1251        {margin-bottom:0in;}
1252ul
1253        {margin-bottom:0in;}
1254-->
1255</style>
1256<!--[if gte mso 10]>
1257<style>
1258 /* Style Definitions */
1259 table.MsoNormalTable
1260        {mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
1261        mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
1262        mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
1263        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1264        mso-style-priority:99;
1265        mso-style-parent:"";
1266        mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
1267        mso-para-margin:0in;
1268        mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
1269        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
1270        font-size:10.0pt;
1271        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1272        mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
1273        mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1274        mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
1275        mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
1276        mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
1277        mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
1278table.MsoTableGrid
1279        {mso-style-name:"Table Grid";
1280        mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
1281        mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
1282        mso-style-priority:59;
1283        mso-style-unhide:no;
1284        border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1285        mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1286        mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
1287        mso-border-insideh:.5pt solid windowtext;
1288        mso-border-insidev:.5pt solid windowtext;
1289        mso-para-margin:0in;
1290        mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
1291        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
1292        font-size:11.0pt;
1293        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1294        mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
1295        mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1296        mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
1297        mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
1298table.MsoTableMediumShading2
1299        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1300        mso-tstyle-rowband-size:1;
1301        mso-tstyle-colband-size:1;
1302        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1303        mso-style-priority:64;
1304        border-top:solid windowtext 2.25pt;
1305        border-left:none;
1306        border-bottom:solid windowtext 2.25pt;
1307        border-right:none;
1308        mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
1309        mso-para-margin:0in;
1310        mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
1311        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
1312        font-size:11.0pt;
1313        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1314        mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
1315        mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1316        mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
1317        mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
1318table.MsoTableMediumShading2FirstRow
1319        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1320        mso-table-condition:first-row;
1321        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1322        mso-style-priority:64;
1323        mso-tstyle-shading:black;
1324        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:text1;
1325        mso-tstyle-border-top:2.25pt solid windowtext;
1326        mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none;
1327        mso-tstyle-border-bottom:2.25pt solid windowtext;
1328        mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none;
1329        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1330        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;
1331        mso-para-margin-top:auto;
1332        mso-para-margin-bottom:auto;
1333        line-height:normal;
1334        color:white;
1335        mso-themecolor:background1;
1336        mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;
1337        mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;}
1338table.MsoTableMediumShading2LastRow
1339        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1340        mso-table-condition:last-row;
1341        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1342        mso-style-priority:64;
1343        mso-tstyle-shading:white;
1344        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:background1;
1345        mso-tstyle-border-top:2.25pt double windowtext;
1346        mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none;
1347        mso-tstyle-border-bottom:2.25pt solid windowtext;
1348        mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none;
1349        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1350        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;
1351        mso-para-margin-top:auto;
1352        mso-para-margin-bottom:auto;
1353        line-height:normal;
1354        color:windowtext;}
1355table.MsoTableMediumShading2FirstCol
1356        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1357        mso-table-condition:first-column;
1358        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1359        mso-style-priority:64;
1360        mso-tstyle-shading:black;
1361        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:text1;
1362        mso-tstyle-border-top:cell-none;
1363        mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none;
1364        mso-tstyle-border-bottom:2.25pt solid windowtext;
1365        mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none;
1366        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1367        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;
1368        color:white;
1369        mso-themecolor:background1;
1370        mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;
1371        mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;}
1372table.MsoTableMediumShading2LastCol
1373        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1374        mso-table-condition:last-column;
1375        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1376        mso-style-priority:64;
1377        mso-tstyle-shading:black;
1378        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:text1;
1379        mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none;
1380        mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none;
1381        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1382        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;
1383        color:white;
1384        mso-themecolor:background1;
1385        mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;
1386        mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;}
1387table.MsoTableMediumShading2OddColumn
1388        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1389        mso-table-condition:odd-column;
1390        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1391        mso-style-priority:64;
1392        mso-tstyle-shading:#D8D8D8;
1393        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:background1;
1394        mso-tstyle-shading-themeshade:216;
1395        mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none;
1396        mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none;
1397        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1398        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;}
1399table.MsoTableMediumShading2OddRow
1400        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1401        mso-table-condition:odd-row;
1402        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1403        mso-style-priority:64;
1404        mso-tstyle-shading:#D8D8D8;
1405        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:background1;
1406        mso-tstyle-shading-themeshade:216;}
1407table.MsoTableMediumShading2NECell
1408        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1409        mso-table-condition:ne-cell;
1410        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1411        mso-style-priority:64;
1412        mso-tstyle-border-top:2.25pt solid windowtext;
1413        mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none;
1414        mso-tstyle-border-bottom:2.25pt solid windowtext;
1415        mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none;
1416        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1417        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;}
1418table.MsoTableMediumShading2NWCell
1419        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 2";
1420        mso-table-condition:nw-cell;
1421        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1422        mso-style-priority:64;
1423        mso-tstyle-border-top:2.25pt solid windowtext;
1424        mso-tstyle-border-left:cell-none;
1425        mso-tstyle-border-bottom:2.25pt solid windowtext;
1426        mso-tstyle-border-right:cell-none;
1427        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1428        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;
1429        color:white;
1430        mso-themecolor:background1;}
1431table.MsoTableMediumShading1Accent6
1432        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 1 - Accent 6";
1433        mso-tstyle-rowband-size:1;
1434        mso-tstyle-colband-size:1;
1435        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1436        mso-style-priority:63;
1437        border:solid #F9B074 1.0pt;
1438        mso-border-themecolor:accent6;
1439        mso-border-themetint:191;
1440        mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
1441        mso-border-insideh:1.0pt solid #F9B074;
1442        mso-border-insideh-themecolor:accent6;
1443        mso-border-insideh-themetint:191;
1444        mso-para-margin:0in;
1445        mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
1446        mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
1447        font-size:11.0pt;
1448        font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1449        mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
1450        mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1451        mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
1452        mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
1453table.MsoTableMediumShading1Accent6FirstRow
1454        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 1 - Accent 6";
1455        mso-table-condition:first-row;
1456        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1457        mso-style-priority:63;
1458        mso-tstyle-shading:#F79646;
1459        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:accent6;
1460        mso-tstyle-border-top:1.0pt solid #F9B074;
1461        mso-tstyle-border-top-themecolor:accent6;
1462        mso-tstyle-border-top-themetint:191;
1463        mso-tstyle-border-left:1.0pt solid #F9B074;
1464        mso-tstyle-border-left-themecolor:accent6;
1465        mso-tstyle-border-left-themetint:191;
1466        mso-tstyle-border-bottom:1.0pt solid #F9B074;
1467        mso-tstyle-border-bottom-themecolor:accent6;
1468        mso-tstyle-border-bottom-themetint:191;
1469        mso-tstyle-border-right:1.0pt solid #F9B074;
1470        mso-tstyle-border-right-themecolor:accent6;
1471        mso-tstyle-border-right-themetint:191;
1472        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1473        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;
1474        mso-para-margin-top:auto;
1475        mso-para-margin-bottom:auto;
1476        line-height:normal;
1477        color:white;
1478        mso-themecolor:background1;
1479        mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;
1480        mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;}
1481table.MsoTableMediumShading1Accent6LastRow
1482        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 1 - Accent 6";
1483        mso-table-condition:last-row;
1484        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1485        mso-style-priority:63;
1486        mso-tstyle-border-top:2.25pt double #F9B074;
1487        mso-tstyle-border-top-themecolor:accent6;
1488        mso-tstyle-border-top-themetint:191;
1489        mso-tstyle-border-left:1.0pt solid #F9B074;
1490        mso-tstyle-border-left-themecolor:accent6;
1491        mso-tstyle-border-left-themetint:191;
1492        mso-tstyle-border-bottom:1.0pt solid #F9B074;
1493        mso-tstyle-border-bottom-themecolor:accent6;
1494        mso-tstyle-border-bottom-themetint:191;
1495        mso-tstyle-border-right:1.0pt solid #F9B074;
1496        mso-tstyle-border-right-themecolor:accent6;
1497        mso-tstyle-border-right-themetint:191;
1498        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1499        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;
1500        mso-para-margin-top:auto;
1501        mso-para-margin-bottom:auto;
1502        line-height:normal;
1503        mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;
1504        mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;}
1505table.MsoTableMediumShading1Accent6FirstCol
1506        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 1 - Accent 6";
1507        mso-table-condition:first-column;
1508        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1509        mso-style-priority:63;
1510        mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;
1511        mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;}
1512table.MsoTableMediumShading1Accent6LastCol
1513        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 1 - Accent 6";
1514        mso-table-condition:last-column;
1515        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1516        mso-style-priority:63;
1517        mso-ansi-font-weight:bold;
1518        mso-bidi-font-weight:bold;}
1519table.MsoTableMediumShading1Accent6OddColumn
1520        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 1 - Accent 6";
1521        mso-table-condition:odd-column;
1522        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1523        mso-style-priority:63;
1524        mso-tstyle-shading:#FDE4D0;
1525        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:accent6;
1526        mso-tstyle-shading-themetint:63;}
1527table.MsoTableMediumShading1Accent6OddRow
1528        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 1 - Accent 6";
1529        mso-table-condition:odd-row;
1530        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1531        mso-style-priority:63;
1532        mso-tstyle-shading:#FDE4D0;
1533        mso-tstyle-shading-themecolor:accent6;
1534        mso-tstyle-shading-themetint:63;
1535        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1536        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;}
1537table.MsoTableMediumShading1Accent6EvenRow
1538        {mso-style-name:"Medium Shading 1 - Accent 6";
1539        mso-table-condition:even-row;
1540        mso-style-noshow:yes;
1541        mso-style-priority:63;
1542        mso-tstyle-border-insideh:cell-none;
1543        mso-tstyle-border-insidev:cell-none;}
1544</style>
1545<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
1546 <o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026"/>
1547</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
1548 <o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
1549  <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1"/>
1550 </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
1551</head>
1552
1553<body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval:.5in'>
1554
1555<div class=WordSection1>
1556
1557<h1>Combined X-ray/neutron refinement – PbSO<sub>4</sub></h1>
1558
1559<P><BL>
1560  <LI><B>A video version of this tutorial is available at
1561<A href="https://anl.box.com/v/Combinedrefinement" target="_blank">
1562https://anl.box.com/v/Combinedrefinement</A></B>
1563   <LI>Exercise files are found <A href="./data/" target="_blank">here</a>
1564</BL></P><P></P>
1565
1566<p class=MsoNormal>In this training exercise you will refine the structure of
1567lead <span class=SpellE>sulphate</span> using both constant wavelength X-ray
1568and neutron data. The problem here is that the two experiments were done at
1569different temperatures (X-ray at room temperature &amp; neutron at low
1570temperature) so the patterns don’t correspond to the same lattice parameters.
1571The structure is orthorhombic with five different atomic sites. The exercise
1572will finish with the generation of the two Fourier maps and you can then see
1573the effects the different neutron scattering lengths and x-ray scattering
1574factors have on the maps. The neutron data was taken on the D1a powder
1575diffractometer at the ILL, Grenoble, France using 1.909Å wavelength neutrons, while
1576the x-ray data was taken on a standard laboratory Bragg-Brentano diffractometer
1577with Cu K<span style='font-family:Symbol'>a</span> radiation.</p>
1578
1579<p class=MsoNormal>We recommend that you do the two exercises <strong><span
1580style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1581mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Laboratory X-ray
1582Powder Data</span></strong><strong><span style='font-weight:normal'> </span></strong><strong><span
1583style='font-weight:normal;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold'>and</span> </strong><strong><span
1584style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1585mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Neutron CW Powder
1586Data</span></strong><strong><span style='font-weight:normal'> Rietveld
1587refinements</span>.</strong></p>
1588
1589<p class=MsoNormal>If you have not done so already, start GSAS-II.</p>
1590
1591<h2>Step 1: Read in the data files</h2>
1592
1593<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
1594style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span
1595style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Use
1596the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1597mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1598minor-latin'>Import/Powder Data/from GSAS powder data file</span></b> menu item
1599to read the first data file into GSAS-II. This read option is set to read any
1600of the powder data formats defined for GSAS (angles in <span class=SpellE>centidegrees</span>).
1601Other submenu items will read the <span class=SpellE><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
1602normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
1603minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>cif</span></b></span>
1604format or the <span class=SpellE><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1605style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1606mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>xye</span></b></span>
1607format (angles in degrees) used by <span class=SpellE>Topas</span>, etc.<span
1608style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Change the file directory to <span
1609class=SpellE><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
1610"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
1611minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>CWCombined</span></b></span><b
1612style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1613mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1614minor-latin'>/data</span></b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1615mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1616minor-latin'> to find the file; you will need to change the file type to <b
1617style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>All files (*.*)</b> to find the desired
1618file.</span></p>
1619
1620<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
1621style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span
1622style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
1623the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1624mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1625minor-latin'>PBSO4.CWN</span></b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1626mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1627minor-latin'> data</span> file in the file dialog and press <b
1628style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1629mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1630minor-latin'>Open</span></b>. There will be a Dialog box asking <b
1631style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1632mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1633minor-latin'>Is this the file you want?</span></b> Press <span class=GramE><b
1634style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1635mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1636minor-latin'>Yes</span></b></span> button to proceed. NB: don’t be tempted to
1637also read in the PBSO4.XRA file at the same time; GSAS-II will apply the same
1638instrument parameter file (next step) to both!</p>
1639
1640<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
1641style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>3.<span
1642style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
1643the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1644mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1645minor-latin'>inst_d1a.prm</span></b> instrument parameter file in the second
1646dialog and press <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
1647"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
1648minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Open</span></b>. The plot will
1649show the neutron powder data.</p>
1650
1651<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
1652style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>4.<span
1653style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Again
1654use <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1655mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1656minor-latin'>Import/Powder Data/from GSAS powder data file</span></b> menu item
1657to read the second data file into GSAS-II; <span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1658mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1659minor-latin'>; you will need to change the file type to <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
1660normal'>All files (*.*)</b> to find the desired file.</span></p>
1661
1662<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
1663style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>5.<span
1664style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
1665the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1666mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1667minor-latin'>PBSO4.XRA</span></b><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1668mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1669minor-latin'> data</span> file in the file dialog and press <b
1670style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1671mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1672minor-latin'>Open</span></b>. There will be a Dialog box asking <b
1673style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1674mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1675minor-latin'>Is this the file you want?</span></b> Press <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
1676normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
1677minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Yes</span></b>
1678button to proceed.</p>
1679
1680<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo2'><![if !supportLists]><span
1681style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>6.<span
1682style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
1683the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1684mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1685minor-latin'>INST_XRY.PRM</span></b> instrument parameter file in the second
1686dialog and press <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
1687"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
1688minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Open</span></b>. On the plot press
1689the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1690mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1691minor-latin'>m</span></b> key; the plot will show both data sets; the x-ray one
1692as blue ‘<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1693mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1694minor-latin'>+</span></b>’ marks and the neutron one as a blue curve.</p>
1695
1696<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype
1697 id="_x0000_t75" coordsize="21600,21600" o:spt="75" o:preferrelative="t"
1698 path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" filled="f" stroked="f">
1699 <v:stroke joinstyle="miter"/>
1700 <v:formulas>
1701  <v:f eqn="if lineDrawn pixelLineWidth 0"/>
1702  <v:f eqn="sum @0 1 0"/>
1703  <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"/>
1704  <v:f eqn="prod @2 1 2"/>
1705  <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelWidth"/>
1706  <v:f eqn="prod @3 21600 pixelHeight"/>
1707  <v:f eqn="sum @0 0 1"/>
1708  <v:f eqn="prod @6 1 2"/>
1709  <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelWidth"/>
1710  <v:f eqn="sum @8 21600 0"/>
1711  <v:f eqn="prod @7 21600 pixelHeight"/>
1712  <v:f eqn="sum @10 21600 0"/>
1713 </v:formulas>
1714 <v:path o:extrusionok="f" gradientshapeok="t" o:connecttype="rect"/>
1715 <o:lock v:ext="edit" aspectratio="t"/>
1716</v:shapetype><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_14" o:spid="_x0000_i1038" type="#_x0000_t75"
1717 style='width:468pt;height:401.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
1718 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image014.png" o:title=""/>
1719</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=535
1720src="Combined%20refinement_files/image015.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_14"><![endif]></span></p>
1721
1722<p class=MsoNormal>If you set the focus on the plot (press a mouse button with
1723the cursor in the plot frame) and then press ‘<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
1724normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
1725minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>q</span></b>’,
1726the plot will be redrawn with q(=2<span style='font-family:Symbol'>p</span>/d)
1727as the x-axis putting both data sets on the same scale for easier comparison.</p>
1728
1729<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
1730 id="Picture_x0020_15" o:spid="_x0000_i1037" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
1731 height:401.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
1732 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image016.png" o:title=""/>
1733</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=535
1734src="Combined%20refinement_files/image017.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_15"><![endif]></span></p>
1735
1736<p class=MsoNormal>The <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1737style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1738mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>GSAS-II data
1739tree</span></b> now has two sets of <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1740style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1741mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>PWDR</span></b>
1742entries; they can be distinguished by their different data set names. I’ve
1743expanded the window so the entire data tree is shown here.</p>
1744
1745<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
1746 id="Picture_x0020_16" o:spid="_x0000_i1036" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:312pt;
1747 height:445.5pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
1748 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image018.png" o:title=""/>
1749</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=416 height=594
1750src="Combined%20refinement_files/image018.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_16"><![endif]></span></p>
1751
1752<h2>Step 2. Enter the phase information for PbSO<sub>4</sub></h2>
1753
1754<p class=MsoNormal>Lead <span class=SpellE>sulphate</span> has the same
1755structure as BaSO<sub>4</sub>; we will start with the crystallographic
1756information given in <span class=SpellE>Wycoff</span> (“Crystal Structures Vol
17573, p 46). The space group is <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1758style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1759mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>P n m a</span></b>
1760(don’t forget the spaces between the axial fields) with a = <b
1761style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1762mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1763minor-latin'>8.480</span></b>, b = <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1764style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1765mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>5.398</span></b>
1766and c = <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1767mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1768minor-latin'>6.958</span></b>. The coordinates given by <span class=SpellE>Wycoff</span>
1769are</p>
1770
1771<table class=MsoTableGrid border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
1772 style='border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1773 mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt'>
1774 <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes;height:14.25pt'>
1775  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1776  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1777  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>Type</p>
1778  </td>
1779  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1780  border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
1781  solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1782  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>X</p>
1783  </td>
1784  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1785  border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
1786  solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1787  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>Y</p>
1788  </td>
1789  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1790  border-left:none;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:
1791  solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1792  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>Z</p>
1793  </td>
1794 </tr>
1795 <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1;height:14.25pt'>
1796  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1797  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1798  padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1799  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span class=SpellE>Pb</span></p>
1800  </td>
1801  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1802  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1803  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1804  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1805  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.1882</p>
1806  </td>
1807  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1808  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1809  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1810  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1811  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.25</p>
1812  </td>
1813  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1814  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1815  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1816  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1817  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.167</p>
1818  </td>
1819 </tr>
1820 <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;height:14.25pt'>
1821  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1822  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1823  padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1824  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>S</p>
1825  </td>
1826  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1827  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1828  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1829  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1830  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.063</p>
1831  </td>
1832  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1833  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1834  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1835  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1836  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.25</p>
1837  </td>
1838  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1839  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1840  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1841  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1842  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.686</p>
1843  </td>
1844 </tr>
1845 <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3;height:14.25pt'>
1846  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1847  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1848  padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1849  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>O</p>
1850  </td>
1851  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1852  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1853  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1854  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1855  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>-0.095</p>
1856  </td>
1857  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1858  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1859  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1860  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1861  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.25</p>
1862  </td>
1863  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1864  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1865  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1866  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1867  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.600</p>
1868  </td>
1869 </tr>
1870 <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;height:14.25pt'>
1871  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1872  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1873  padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1874  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>O</p>
1875  </td>
1876  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1877  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1878  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1879  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1880  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.181</p>
1881  </td>
1882  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1883  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1884  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1885  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1886  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.25</p>
1887  </td>
1888  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1889  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1890  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1891  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1892  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.543</p>
1893  </td>
1894 </tr>
1895 <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:14.25pt'>
1896  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1897  border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1898  padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1899  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>O</p>
1900  </td>
1901  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1902  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1903  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1904  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1905  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.085</p>
1906  </td>
1907  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1908  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1909  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1910  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1911  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.026</p>
1912  </td>
1913  <td width=103 valign=top style='width:77.4pt;border-top:none;border-left:
1914  none;border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt;border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt;
1915  mso-border-top-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;
1916  mso-border-alt:solid windowtext .5pt;padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;height:14.25pt'>
1917  <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'>0.806</p>
1918  </td>
1919 </tr>
1920</table>
1921
1922<p class=MsoNormal>Begin by selecting <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1923style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1924mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Data/Add new phase</span></b>
1925in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1926mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1927minor-latin'>GSAS-II data tree</span></b> menu, use <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
1928normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
1929minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>PbSO4</span></b>
1930for the phase name and then fill in the space group and lattice parameters in
1931the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1932mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1933minor-latin'>General</span></b> tab of the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1934style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1935mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Phase data
1936for PbSO4</span></b> window. When done, you should have</p>
1937
1938<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
1939 id="Picture_x0020_17" o:spid="_x0000_i1035" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
1940 height:272.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
1941 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image019.png" o:title=""/>
1942</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=363
1943src="Combined%20refinement_files/image020.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_17"><![endif]></span></p>
1944
1945<p class=MsoNormal>Next select the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1946style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1947mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Atoms</span></b>
1948tab, select <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
1949"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
1950minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Edit Atoms/Append</span></b> <b
1951style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1952mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1953minor-latin'>atom</span></b> 5 times to fill in sufficient blank atoms for this
1954structure. Then fill in the atom <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1955style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1956mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Type</span></b>
1957and <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1958mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1959minor-latin'>xyz</span></b> positions. When done, you should have</p>
1960
1961<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span
1962style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="Picture_x0020_18"
1963 o:spid="_x0000_i1034" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;height:187.5pt;
1964 visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
1965 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image021.png" o:title=""/>
1966</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=250
1967src="Combined%20refinement_files/image022.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_18"><![endif]></span></p>
1968
1969<h2>Step 3. Add data to the phase</h2>
1970
1971<p class=MsoNormal>Next you have to select the powder patterns to be used for the
1972PbSO<sub>4</sub> phase. To start select the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
1973normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
1974minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Data</span></b>
1975tab of the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
1976"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
1977minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Phase data for PbSO4</span></b>
1978window. Then select the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1979style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1980mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Edit Phase/Add
1981powder histograms</span></b> menu item; select <span class=SpellE><b
1982style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1983mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1984minor-latin'>SetAll</span></b></span> to include both patterns and press <b
1985style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
1986mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
1987minor-latin'>OK</span></b>. The <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
1988style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
1989mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Phase data
1990for PBSO4</span></b> window will list both patterns </p>
1991
1992<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
1993 id="Picture_x0020_19" o:spid="_x0000_i1033" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
1994 height:323.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
1995 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image023.png" o:title=""/>
1996</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=431
1997src="Combined%20refinement_files/image024.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_19"><![endif]></span></p>
1998
1999<h2>Step 4. 1<sup>st</sup> Rietveld refinement</h2>
2000
2001<p class=MsoNormal>Now do a preliminary Rietveld refinement; GSAS-II will first
2002ask for a project file name. We assume <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2003style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2004mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin'>NXPbSO4</span></b>.gpx is used (don’t put in
2005the extension). The refinement will finish with Rwp~18% for the neutron data
2006and Rwp~41% for the X-ray pattern. Now look closely at the fit. The plot should
2007be in q and with just one pattern selected (use ‘<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2008normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2009minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>q</span></b>’
2010and ‘<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2011mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2012minor-latin'>m</span></b>’ options on the plot to get there). Although the fit
2013is poor, the calculated peaks appear to be close to the right positions in the
2014x-ray pattern</p>
2015
2016<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
2017 id="Picture_x0020_20" o:spid="_x0000_i1032" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
2018 height:401.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
2019 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image025.png" o:title=""/>
2020</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=535
2021src="Combined%20refinement_files/image026.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_20"><![endif]></span></p>
2022
2023<p class=MsoNormal><span class=GramE>but</span> are shifted to lower q in the
2024neutron pattern.</p>
2025
2026<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
2027 id="Picture_x0020_21" o:spid="_x0000_i1031" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
2028 height:401.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
2029 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image027.png" o:title=""/>
2030</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=535
2031src="Combined%20refinement_files/image028.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_21"><![endif]></span></p>
2032
2033<p class=MsoNormal>This is the result of thermal expansion of PbSO<sub>4</sub>
2034and the lower temperature used for the neutron data collection.</p>
2035
2036<h2>Step 5. Select some parameters and 2<sup>nd</sup> Rietveld refinement</h2>
2037
2038<p class=MsoNormal>To improve the refinement you should first select the <b
2039style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2040mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2041minor-latin'>Refine unit cell</span></b> in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2042normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2043minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>General</span></b>
2044tab of the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
2045"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
2046minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Phase data for PbSO4</span></b>
2047window and then select <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2048style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2049mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Calculate/Refine</span></b>
2050in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2051mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2052minor-latin'>GSAS-II data tree</span></b> window. The x-ray <span class=SpellE>Rwp</span>
2053will improve (~38%) but the neutron <span class=SpellE>Rwp</span> will be a bit
2054worse (~20%) as the least squares seeks a global minimum.</p>
2055
2056<h2>Step 6. Allow for thermal expansion and 3<sup>rd</sup> Rietveld refinement</h2>
2057
2058<p class=MsoNormal>In GSAS-II there are explicit parameters for thermal
2059“strain”; find them in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2060style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2061mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Data</span></b>
2062tab in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
2063"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
2064minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Phase data for PbSO4</span></b> window.
2065Select the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
2066"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
2067minor-latin'>PWDR PBSO4.CWN</span></b> entry for the neutron data. I’ve
2068expanded the window slightly to see everything</p>
2069
2070<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
2071 id="Picture_x0020_22" o:spid="_x0000_i1030" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
2072 height:323.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
2073 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image029.png" o:title=""/>
2074</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=431
2075src="Combined%20refinement_files/image030.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_22"><![endif]></span></p>
2076
2077<p class=MsoNormal>Select the three parameters (<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2078normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2079minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>D11</span></b>,
2080<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2081mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2082minor-latin'>D22</span></b> and <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2083style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2084mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>D33</span></b>)
2085under <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2086mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2087minor-latin'>Hydrostatic/Elastic strain</span></b> for refinement and do
2088another Rietveld refinement. There is immediate improvement for both data sets;
2089the neutron Rwp~15% and the x-ray Rwp~31%. Moreover, the peaks are in the right
2090places for both data sets, although the shapes aren’t right. We will deal with
2091them next.</p>
2092
2093<h2>Step 7. Crystallite size and <span class=SpellE>mustrain</span> selection
2094and 4<sup>th</sup> Rietveld refinement</h2>
2095
2096<p class=MsoNormal>The peak shapes are affected by sample broadening; the
2097relevant parameters are found in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2098style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2099mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Data</span></b>
2100tab of <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2101mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2102minor-latin'>Phase data for PbSO4</span></b> window. There is a set for each
2103powder pattern. However, the neutron data is of much lower resolution than the
2104x-ray data and is thus less sensitive to sample broadening effects. Select <span
2105class=SpellE><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
2106"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
2107minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Cryst</span></b></span><b
2108style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2109mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2110minor-latin'>. size(</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2111style='font-family:Symbol;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2112minor-latin'>m</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2113style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2114mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>m)</span></b>
2115and <span class=SpellE><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2116style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2117mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>microstrain</span></b></span>
2118only for the x-ray data (2 parameters) and then do another Rietveld refinement.
2119The x-ray fit is significantly improved (Rwp~26%) while the neutron fit is
2120unchanged (Rwp~15%). Examine the two plots in detail; the neutron plot shows
2121mostly differences in peak intensity and the x-ray data shows differences in
2122peak positions.</p>
2123
2124<h2>Step 8. Structure and x-ray sample displacement and 5<sup>th</sup> Rietveld
2125refinement</h2>
2126
2127<p class=MsoNormal>The peak intensity differences in the neutron case are more
2128apparent than in the x-ray case because all atoms contribute about equally to
2129the neutron scattering, while the <span class=SpellE>Pb</span> atom dominates
2130the x-ray pattern. On the other hand, the sample position in a Bragg-Brentano
2131diffractometer is almost never properly located tangent to the focusing circle
2132and the sample position for something inside a cryostat on a neutron
2133diffractometer isn’t very well known either <span class=GramE>So</span> we’ll
2134refine these things next.</p>
2135
2136<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span
2137style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span
2138style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
2139the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2140mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2141minor-latin'>PWDR PBSO4.XRA BANK 1</span></b> item in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2142normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2143minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>GSAS-II
2144data tree</span></b> and select <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2145style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2146mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Sample
2147Parameters</span></b>. Check <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2148style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2149mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Sample
2150displacement</span></b> for refinement and make sure <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2151normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2152minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Bragg-Brentano</span></b> is the <b
2153style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2154mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Diffractometer
2155type</span></b>.</p>
2156
2157<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span
2158style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span
2159style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
2160the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2161mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2162minor-latin'>PWDR PbSO4.CWN Bank 1</span></b> item and select <b
2163style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2164mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2165minor-latin'>Sample Parameters</span></b>. Make sure Diffractometer type is <b
2166style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2167mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2168minor-latin'>Debye-<span class=SpellE>Scherrer</span></span></b> then change <b
2169style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2170mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2171minor-latin'>Goniometer radius</span></b> to <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2172normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2173minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>650</span></b>
2174mm and check both <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2175style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2176mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Sample X</span></b>
2177&amp; <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2178mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2179minor-latin'>Sample Y <span class=SpellE>displ</span>.</span></b> <span
2180class=GramE>parameters</span> for refinement. </p>
2181
2182<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span
2183style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>3.<span
2184style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
2185<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2186mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2187minor-latin'>Phases/PbSO4</span></b> in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2188normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2189minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>GSAS-II
2190data tree</span></b> and select the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2191style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2192mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Atoms</span></b>
2193tab. Double click the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2194style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2195mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>refine</span></b>
2196column heading. Select <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2197style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2198mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>X</span></b>
2199and <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2200mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2201minor-latin'>U</span></b> for refinement and press <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2202normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2203minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>OK</span></b>.</p>
2204
2205<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo4'><![if !supportLists]><span
2206style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>4.<span
2207style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Do
2208the Rietveld refinement. The fit improves on both patterns; <span class=SpellE>Rwp</span>=7.05%
2209for the neutron data and <span class=SpellE>Rwp</span>=12.09% for the x-ray
2210data.</p>
2211
2212<p class=MsoNormal>If you look at <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2213style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2214mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Sample
2215Parameters</span></b> for the neutron pattern, you’ll see that the sample
2216position is about 2mm off in the X-direction &amp; 1mm off in the Y-direction.
2217Compare this to the X-ray data where the sample is displaced ~75&#956;m. Both
2218had a substantial effect on the fit.</p>
2219
2220<h2>Step 9. Instrument parameters <span class=Heading2Char><span
2221style='font-weight:normal'>a</span></span>nd 6<sup>th</sup> Rietveld refinement</h2>
2222
2223<p class=MsoNormal>Finally (perhaps), we can do the refinement of the <b
2224style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2225mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2226minor-latin'>U</span></b>, <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2227style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2228mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>V</span></b>
2229and &amp; <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2230mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2231minor-latin'>W</span></b> Gaussian profile parameters for both data sets. These
2232are found in the Instrument Parameters item under each <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2233normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2234minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>PWDR</span></b>
2235entry in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:
2236"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:
2237minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>GSAS-II data tree</span></b>.
2238Don’t refine the x-ray or neutron <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2239style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2240mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Zero</span></b>,
2241that isn’t usually the problem if the instrument is reasonably well cared for
2242(zero calibration makes it 0.001<span style='font-family:Symbol;mso-ascii-font-family:
2243"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-char-type:symbol;
2244mso-symbol-font-family:Symbol'><span style='mso-char-type:symbol;mso-symbol-font-family:
2245Symbol'>°</span></span> or better); we’ve already dealt with peak offset issues
2246by refining sample positions Additional changes to consider are to move the
2247lower limit on the x-ray and neutron data to just below the 1<sup>st</sup>
2248peak, set the upper limit to the gap just below the end of the neutron pattern.
2249With this the final <span class=SpellE>Rwp</span>=4.53% for the neutron data
2250and <span class=SpellE>Rwp</span>=10.99% for the x-ray data. The x-ray plot is</p>
2251
2252<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
2253 id="Picture_x0020_23" o:spid="_x0000_i1029" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
2254 height:401.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
2255 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image031.png" o:title=""/>
2256</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=535
2257src="Combined%20refinement_files/image032.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_23"><![endif]></span></p>
2258
2259<p class=MsoNormal>I adjusted the plot with the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2260normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2261minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Pan</span></b>
2262<span class=GramE>button</span> and repositioned the reflection tick marks;
2263they can be dragged anywhere with the mouse. The neutron pattern looks like</p>
2264
2265<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
2266 id="Picture_x0020_24" o:spid="_x0000_i1028" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
2267 height:401.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
2268 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image033.png" o:title=""/>
2269</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=535
2270src="Combined%20refinement_files/image034.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_24"><![endif]></span></p>
2271
2272<p class=MsoNormal>Again I repositioned the plot and the reflection tick marks.
2273The NXPbSO4.lst file contains the complete refinement results (some lines have
2274been trimmed).</p>
2275
2276<p class=MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p>
2277
2278<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>Refinement
2279results:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2280
2281<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2282
2283<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2284style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Number of function calls: <span class=GramE>9<span
2285style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>No</span>. of observations:<span
2286style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>8870<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2287</span>No. of parameters:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>41<span
2288style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2289
2290<p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:.5in'><span style='font-size:8.0pt;
2291font-family:"Courier New"'>User rejected:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2292</span><span class=GramE>0<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Sp</span>. <span
2293class=SpellE>gp</span>. <span class=GramE>extinct</span>:<span
2294style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>0<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2295
2296<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2297style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Refinement time =<span
2298style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>49.939s,<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2299</span>24.969s/cycle, for 2 cycles<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2300
2301<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2302style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>wR</span></span>
2303=<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>6.71%, chi**2 =<span
2304style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>45351.4, GOF =<span
2305style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>2.27<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2306
2307<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2308
2309<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2310style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Phases:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2311
2312<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2313style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Result for phase:<span
2314style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>PbSO4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2315
2316<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>======================================================================================<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2317
2318<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2319style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Reciprocal metric tensor: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
2320
2321<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2322style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>names :</span><span
2323style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            </span>A11<span
2324style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            </span>A22<span
2325style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            </span>A33<span
2326style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            </span>A12<span
2327style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            </span>A13<span
2328style='mso-spacerun:yes'>            </span>A23<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2329
2330<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2331style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>values</span>:<span
2332style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.013905220<span
2333style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.034311675<span
2334style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.020643344<span
2335style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000000<span
2336style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000000<span
2337style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2338
2339<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2340style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>esds</span></span><span
2341class=GramE><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>:</span><span
2342style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000318<span
2343style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000782<span
2344style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000478<span
2345style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                             </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2346
2347<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2348style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>New unit cell:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2349
2350<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2351style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>names :</span><span
2352style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>a<span
2353style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>b<span
2354style='mso-spacerun:yes'>       </span><span
2355style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>c<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      
2356</span>alpha<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>beta<span
2357style='mso-spacerun:yes'>       </span>gamma<span
2358style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>Volume<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2359
2360<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2361style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=GramE>values</span>:<span
2362style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>8.480297<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2363</span>5.398574<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>6.960012<span
2364style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>90.0000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    
2365</span>90.0000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>90.0000<span
2366style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>318.640<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2367
2368<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2369style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>esds</span></span><span
2370class=GramE><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>:</span><span
2371style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000097<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2372</span>0.000062<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000081<span
2373style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                          
2374</span>0.007<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2375
2376<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2377
2378<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2379style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Atoms:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2380
2381<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2382style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><span class=GramE>name</span><span
2383style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>x<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        
2384</span>y<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>z<span
2385style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span><span class=SpellE>frac</span><span
2386style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><span class=SpellE>Uiso</span><span
2387style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2388
2389<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2390
2391<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2392style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>Pb1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    
2393</span><span class=SpellE>Pb</span>:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2394
2395<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2396style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>values</span>: <span
2397style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>0.18754<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2398</span>0.25000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.16717<span
2399style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>1.000 0.02079<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2400
2401<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2402style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2403style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2404</span>0.00008<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>             </span>0.00012<span
2405style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>0.00023<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2406
2407<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2408style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>S2<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     
2409</span>S:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2410
2411<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2412style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>values</span>:<span
2413style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.06491<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2414</span>0.25000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.68347<span
2415style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>1.000 0.00718<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2416
2417<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2418style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2419style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2420</span>0.00029<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>             </span>0.00040<span
2421style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>0.00056<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2422
2423<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2424style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>O3<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     
2425</span>O:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2426
2427<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2428style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>values</span>:<span
2429style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>-0.09302<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2430</span>0.25000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.59541<span
2431style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>1.000 0.02513<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2432
2433<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2434style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2435style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2436</span>0.00021<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>             </span>0.00022<span
2437style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>0.00047<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2438
2439<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2440style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>O4<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     
2441</span>O:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2442
2443<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2444style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>values</span>:<span
2445style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.19366<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2446</span>0.25000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.54264<span
2447style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>1.000 0.01767<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2448
2449<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2450style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2451style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2452</span>0.00020<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>             </span>0.00026<span
2453style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>0.00043<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2454
2455<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2456style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>O5<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     
2457</span>O:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2458
2459<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2460style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>values</span>:<span
2461style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.08086<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2462</span>0.02693<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.80927<span
2463style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>1.000 0.01729<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2464
2465<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2466style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2467style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2468</span>0.00013<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.00018<span
2469style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>0.00016<span
2470style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>0.00030<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2471
2472<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2473
2474<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2475style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Phase:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span
2476class=GramE>PbSO4<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>in</span>
2477histogram:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>PWDR PBSO4.CWN Bank 1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2478
2479<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>======================================================================================<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2480
2481<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2482style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Final refinement RF, RF^2 = 3.91%, 5.31% on
2483198 reflections<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2484
2485<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2486style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Durbin-Watson statistic = 0.274<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2487
2488<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2489style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Bragg intensity sum = 4.43e+05<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2490
2491<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2492
2493<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2494style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Hydrostatic/elastic strain: <o:p></o:p></span></p>
2495
2496<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2497style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>name<span
2498style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>:</span><span
2499style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>D11<span
2500style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>D22<span
2501style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>D33<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2502
2503<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2504style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>value :</span><span
2505style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>2.113e-05<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2506</span>6.043e-05<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>3.373e-05<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2507
2508<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2509style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2510style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2511</span>6.623e-07<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>1.666e-06<span
2512style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>1.027e-06<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2513
2514<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2515
2516<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2517style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Phase:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span
2518class=GramE>PbSO4<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>in</span>
2519histogram:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>PWDR PBSO4.XRA Bank 1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2520
2521<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>======================================================================================<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2522
2523<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2524style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Final refinement RF, RF^2 = 4.13%, 7.52% on
2525384 reflections<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2526
2527<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2528style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Durbin-Watson statistic = 0.591<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2529
2530<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2531style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Bragg intensity sum = 1.62e+06<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2532
2533<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2534
2535<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2536style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Size model:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    
2537</span>isotropic equatorial:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>0.41766,
2538sig:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>0.1590 LG mix <span class=SpellE><span
2539class=GramE>coeff</span></span><span class=GramE>.:</span><span
2540style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>1.0000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2541
2542<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2543
2544<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2545style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=SpellE>Mustrain</span> model:
2546isotropic equatorial:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>2164.8,
2547sig:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>76.2 LG mix <span class=SpellE><span
2548class=GramE>coeff</span></span><span class=GramE>.:</span><span
2549style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>1.0000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2550
2551<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2552
2553<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2554style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Histogram:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2555</span>PWDR PBSO4.CWN Bank <span class=GramE>1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2556</span>histogram</span> Id:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>0<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2557
2558<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>======================================================================================<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2559
2560<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2561style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>PWDR histogram weight factor = 1.000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2562
2563<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2564style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Final refinement <span class=SpellE>wR</span>
2565= 4.53% on 2870 observations in this histogram<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2566
2567<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2568style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Other residuals: R = 3.82%, R-<span
2569class=SpellE>bkg</span> = 3.75%, <span class=SpellE>wR-bkg</span> = 4.53% <span
2570class=SpellE>wRmin</span> = 1.94%<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2571
2572<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2573style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Instrument type:<span
2574style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Debye-<span class=SpellE>Scherrer</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2575
2576<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2577
2578<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2579style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Sample Parameters:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2580
2581<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2582style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>names :</span><span
2583style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>Scale<span
2584style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>Absorption<span
2585style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span><span class=SpellE>DisplaceX</span><span
2586style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span><span class=SpellE>DisplaceY</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2587
2588<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2589style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>values</span>:<span
2590style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>9189.5293<span
2591style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>0.0000<span
2592style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>3127.7042<span
2593style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>139.4222<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2594
2595<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2596style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2597style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      
2598</span>30.7115<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                    
2599</span>47.0350<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>       </span>60.2256<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2600
2601<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2602
2603<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2604style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Instrument Parameters:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2605
2606<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2607style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>names :</span><span
2608style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>Bank<span
2609style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>Lam<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2610</span><span class=SpellE>Polariz</span>.<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>       
2611</span>SH/L<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>U<span
2612style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>V<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2613
2614<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2615style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>value :</span><span
2616style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>1.000000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2617</span>1.909000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000<span
2618style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.002000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2619</span>278.278442 -835.168970<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2620
2621<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2622style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2623style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span
2624style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                                   
2625</span>5.905522<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>13.306485<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2626
2627<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2628
2629<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2630style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Instrument Parameters:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2631
2632<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2633style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>names :</span><span
2634style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>W<span
2635style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>X<span
2636style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>Y<span
2637style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>Zero<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2638
2639<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2640style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>value :</span><span
2641style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>818.353393<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2642</span>0.000000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000<span
2643style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>-0.001000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2644
2645<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2646style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2647style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2648</span>6.846250<span
2649style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                    </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2650
2651<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2652
2653<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2654style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Background function:<span
2655style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=SpellE>chebyschev</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2656
2657<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2658style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>value :</span><span
2659style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>221.8<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    
2660</span>36.03<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>3.89<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2661
2662<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2663style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2664style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    
2665</span>0.4588<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>0.767<span
2666style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>1.254<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2667
2668<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2669style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Background sums: empirical 6.4e+05, Debye 0,
2670peaks 0, Total 6.4e+05<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2671
2672<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2673
2674<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2675style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Histogram:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2676</span>PWDR PBSO4.XRA Bank <span class=GramE>1<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2677</span>histogram</span> Id:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2678
2679<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'>======================================================================================<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2680
2681<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2682style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>PWDR histogram weight factor = 1.000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2683
2684<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2685style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Final refinement <span class=SpellE>wR</span>
2686= 11.00% on 6000 observations in this histogram<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2687
2688<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2689style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Other residuals: R = 8.21%, R-<span
2690class=SpellE>bkg</span> = 8.17%, <span class=SpellE>wR-bkg</span> = 11.00% <span
2691class=SpellE>wRmin</span> = 4.94%<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2692
2693<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2694style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Instrument type:<span
2695style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>Bragg-Brentano<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2696
2697<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2698
2699<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2700style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Resonant form factors:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2701
2702<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2703style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Element:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      
2704</span><span class=SpellE>Pb</span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>       
2705</span>S<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>O<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2706
2707<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2708style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>f</span>'<span
2709style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  
2710</span>-4.078<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.333<span
2711style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.049<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2712
2713<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2714style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>f</span>&quot;<span
2715style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2716</span>8.501<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.557<span
2717style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.032<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2718
2719<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2720
2721<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2722style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Sample Parameters:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2723
2724<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2725style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>names :</span><span
2726style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>Scale<span
2727style='mso-spacerun:yes'>         </span>Shift<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2728</span>Transparency<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span><span
2729class=SpellE>SurfRoughA</span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span><span
2730class=SpellE>SurfRoughB</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2731
2732<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2733style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>values</span>:<span
2734style='mso-spacerun:yes'>       </span>10.1966<span
2735style='mso-spacerun:yes'>       </span>76.8708<span
2736style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>0.0000<span
2737style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>0.0000<span
2738style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>0.0000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2739
2740<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2741style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2742style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>       
2743</span>0.0271<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>        </span>0.6243<span
2744style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                          </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2745
2746<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2747
2748<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2749style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Instrument Parameters:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2750
2751<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2752style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>names :</span><span
2753style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>U<span
2754style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>V<span
2755style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>W<span
2756style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>X<span
2757style='mso-spacerun:yes'>           </span>Y<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    
2758</span><span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>Zero<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2759
2760<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2761style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>value :</span><span
2762style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>-17.638706<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> 
2763</span>-18.652344<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>16.038029<span
2764style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2765</span>0.000000<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.000000<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2766
2767<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2768style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2769style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2770</span>0.560028<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>1.188957<span
2771style='mso-spacerun:yes'>    </span>0.504758<span
2772style='mso-spacerun:yes'>                                    </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2773
2774<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>
2775
2776<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2777style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Background function:<span
2778style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span><span class=SpellE>chebyschev</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
2779
2780<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2781style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>value :</span><span
2782style='mso-spacerun:yes'>      </span>112.2<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     
2783</span>74.3<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>67.68<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2784
2785<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2786style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=GramE>sig</span><span
2787style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span>:<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   </span><span
2788style='mso-spacerun:yes'>  </span>0.8828<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>   
2789</span>0.8594<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'>     </span>1.503<o:p></o:p></span></p>
2790
2791<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><span
2792style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>Background sums: empirical 8.08e+05, Debye 0,
2793peaks 0, Total 8.08e+05</span><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Courier New"'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
2794
2795<h2>Step 10. Fourier calculations and display</h2>
2796
2797<p class=MsoNormal>At the completion of the Rietveld refinement, one of the
2798final processing steps is to extract a set of structure factors for each phase
2799in each powder pattern used in the calculation. These can be found in
2800Reflection Lists in each PWDR item in the GSAS-II data tree. For example, the
2801one for the x-ray data is</p>
2802
2803<p class=MsoNormal><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
2804 id="Picture_x0020_25" o:spid="_x0000_i1027" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
2805 height:159pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
2806 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image035.png" o:title=""/>
2807</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=212
2808src="Combined%20refinement_files/image036.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_25"><![endif]></span></p>
2809
2810<p class=MsoNormal>I’ve widened the window so you can see all the columns that
2811are given. With the values of the structure factors and their phases we can now
2812construct density maps for both neutrons and x-rays.</p>
2813
2814<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6'><![if !supportLists]><span
2815style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>1.<span
2816style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
2817<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2818mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2819minor-latin'>Phases/PbSO4</span></b> from the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2820normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2821minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>GSAS-II
2822data tree</span></b>. In the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2823style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2824mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Fourier map
2825controls</span></b> section near the bottom, select <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2826normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2827minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Fobs</span></b>
2828for the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2829mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2830minor-latin'>Map type</span></b>.</p>
2831
2832<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6'><![if !supportLists]><span
2833style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>2.<span
2834style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
2835<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2836mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2837minor-latin'>PWDR PBSO4.CWN: BANK1</span></b> for the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2838normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2839minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Reflection
2840set</span></b>.</p>
2841
2842<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6'><![if !supportLists]><span
2843style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>3.<span
2844style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
2845<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2846mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2847minor-latin'>Compute/Fourier map</span></b> from the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2848normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2849minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>General</span></b>
2850menu. A map will immediately be calculated via fast Fourier transform
2851techniques. If the project is saved, this map will be included in the project
2852file. The console gives a few lines of output:</p>
2853
2854<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
2855 id="Picture_x0020_26" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
2856 height:71.25pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
2857 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image037.png" o:title=""/>
2858</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=95
2859src="Combined%20refinement_files/image038.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_26"><![endif]></span><span
2860class=GramE>and</span> the plot shows the structure (4 atoms) and a green dot
2861which is the highest density point in the map. NB: it might be hidden
2862underneath at atom.</p>
2863
2864<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6'><![if !supportLists]><span
2865style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>4.<span
2866style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Select
2867<b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2868mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2869minor-latin'>Draw Options</span></b> in the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2870normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2871minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Phase
2872data for PbSO4</span></b> window. Note the additional controls that have
2873appeared</p>
2874
2875<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle><span style='mso-no-proof:yes'><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape
2876 id="Picture_x0020_28" o:spid="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t75" style='width:468pt;
2877 height:252.75pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'>
2878 <v:imagedata src="Combined%20refinement_files/image039.png" o:title=""/>
2879</v:shape><![endif]--><![if !vml]><img width=624 height=337
2880src="Combined%20refinement_files/image040.png" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_28"><![endif]></span></p>
2881
2882<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle>You can lower the contour level and then
2883rotate the drawing around (hold down left mouse button or the mouse wheel) to
2884see the neutron scattering density. It helps to reduce the van der Waals scale
2885to see the density underneath the atoms. You can also slide the structure (hold
2886down right mouse button) to put it where the density is drawn and turning the
2887mouse wheel controls the camera distance (e.g. zoom).</p>
2888
2889<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle>Notice that the density (size of point –
2890really a small octahedron) is higher at the <span class=SpellE>Pb</span> atom
2891&amp; lowest for the S atom; these are in proportion to their neutron
2892scattering lengths.</p>
2893
2894<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6'><![if !supportLists]><span
2895style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>5.<span
2896style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Now
2897let’s try the same thing for the x-ray data. Select the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2898normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2899minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>General</span></b>
2900tab in <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2901mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2902minor-latin'>Phase data for PbSO4</span></b> window. Choose <b
2903style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2904mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2905minor-latin'>PWDR PBSO4.XRA: BANK1</span></b> for the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2906normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2907minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Reflection
2908set</span></b>. Then select <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2909style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2910mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Compute/Fourier
2911map</span></b> from the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span
2912style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
2913mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>General</span></b>
2914menu. A map will be immediately calculated; this will replace the neutron map
2915with the newly made x-ray map. If the project is saved then this map will be in
2916the project. The plot will be redrawn showing the atoms and a small green dot.</p>
2917
2918<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle style='text-indent:-.25in;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo6'><![if !supportLists]><span
2919style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span style='mso-list:Ignore'>6.<span
2920style='font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"'>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></span><![endif]>Again
2921select <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;
2922mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:
2923minor-latin'>Draw Options</span></b> tab, adjust the <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:
2924normal'><span style='font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-theme-font:
2925minor-latin;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin'>Contour
2926level</span></b> and move the drawing around to your liking.</p>
2927
2928<p class=MsoListParagraphCxSpLast>This time only the <span class=SpellE>Pb</span>
2929atoms can be seen in the density map, the S atoms are barely visible at the
2930lower contour level setting and the O atoms are almost invisible. This is also
2931expected based on the relative x-ray scattering power of these atoms; Pb with
293282 e<sup>-</sup> far <span class=SpellE>outscatters</span> S (16 e<sup>-</sup>)
2933and O (8 e<sup>-</sup>).</p>
2934
2935</div>
2936
2937</body>
2938
2939</html>
Note: See TracBrowser for help on using the repository browser.